A Detailed 3D GIS Architecture for Disaster Management

Abstract

In order to prevent, avoid or ameliorate the impact of disaster there are various solutions proposed by different international, national organizations, agencies and NGOs. These solutions established GIS as an indispensable tool to develop plans for tackling a disaster in a much better way. Geographic information systems enable efficient organisation of disaster dataset. Its visualization framework are capable to redraw the worst natural clematises that can be quarried and analyzed to produce results, helpful to save important human life and prevent infrastructure damages. Although there is a wide variety of simulation and modelling techniques, implementation strategies and customization options available in GIS, it is impossible to simulate and analyze rapidly changing 3D dynamic disaster phenomena within the current 2D GIS. The perceptions of decision makers tasked with dealing with a particular natural hazard are highly influenced by the manner in which the hazard is visualized. Disaster manager often use digital maps; using 3D graphical representation significantly reduces the cognition effort needed to interpret the situation and improves the efficiency of the decision making process. Automated 3D city modelling is yet an important topic of research, while semiautomatic and manual methods are well developed, applied and already tested for the acquisition of city wide geometry and façade databases. This paper tries to combine the analytical power of GIS in the synchronization with visualization capabilities of 3D Models and brought the most desirable 3D GIS technology for disaster management. This research paper proposes 3D GIS enable disaster management architecture to overcome the current limitations of both 2D GIS and 3D Models in simulating disasters. To respond disaster scenarios 3D GIS architecture cover all phases of ‘disaster management life cycle’. Architecture is designed to serve for both the stakeholders and disaster managers for providing better, up to date options that depicts clear and valuable picture of disaster scenarios in all technical dimensions.